Exxon Mobil forecasts a 25% increase in energy demand by 2040 compared to 2018. The need for energy, especially fossil fuels, is increasing every year due to population growth. As the average particle size decreased (or stability increased), the emulsion viscosity increased. Viscosity showed a similar trend with stability and droplet size. The results obtained from this study provide important insights for optimal selection of the water-based EOR operation parameters. In general, a stable state was obtained in 50% water-cut with MgCl 2 salt at a concentration of 10,000 ppm and in the presence of SiO 2 nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.1% and span 80 surfactants at a concentration of 200 ppm. It should be noted that the optimal concentration of nanoparticles is equal to 0.1% (w/w), and the optimal concentration of surfactant is equal to 200 ppm. Finally, it was shown that the synergy of nanoparticles and surfactants resulted in higher stability and viscosity than in the case where each was used alone. The best yield was related to MgCl 2 at a concentration of 10,000 ppm. In salts the yield was as follows: MgCl 2 > CaCl 2 > MgSO 4 > Na 2SO 4 > NaCl. According to the results, the best amount of water cut was 50% due to the maximum viscosity. The third step investigated the effect of SiO 2 nanoparticles and surfactant (span80) on emulsion stability and viscosity. The type of salt and its best concentration was evaluated in the second step by measuring the average droplets size. In the first step, 50% (v/v) of water has been selected as the best water cut. In this study, the parameters affecting the stability and viscosity of the emulsion have been investigated step by step. In this method, due to the possibility of emulsion formation is high, and by creating a stable emulsion, viscosity and mobility improved. Water-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are one of the popular methods in this field. Since the costs of exploring new reservoirs and drilling new wells are very high, most reservoirs have passed their first and second periods of life, and it is necessary to use EOR methods. Due to population growth, the need for energy, especially fossil fuels, is increased every year.
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